The Minster Practice, Lichfield

Ginseng

Ginseng root extracts have been used for centuries with claims made for, amongst other things, vitality, immune function, and help in cardiovascular and sexual problems. Sales in the US exceed $100 million per year and are growing fast. However, evidence is weak for any benefit.

A search of the world literature identified 16 research studies that met clinical standards.  One small study showed that the control of diabetes in type 2 diabetics improved. Another study found a significant improvement in frequency, severity and duration of herpes episodes compared to placebo. Other studies of physical performance and cognitive function found little benefit particularly in the elderly.

The studies identified some side effects that could be serious including some interactions with prescription medicines.

Opposing effects of ginseng extracts

The 4 different types of ginseng (American, Chinese, Korean and San Qi) have different proportions of 2 complex sugar systems which affects the way the ginseng works. One type may promote blood vessel formation (promoting wound healing) and another inhibit blood vessel formation (reducing some cancerous tumours). The situation is further complicated by the ratio of ingredients, and hence medicinal effect, being affected by processing methods.

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